Essay about Lincoln and Douglass Contributions to the End...

First, I will write about slavery, and the influence of two man that have progressed to its conclusion in this nation and to explain how Lincoln and Douglass contributed to ending slavery in the United States. †¢ Second, I will describe the life of the two protagonists, who have contributed in changing lifestyles in a better way for slaves, despite the difficulties of Abraham Lincoln and Frederick Douglass. Both men were born in a very poor family, they also lived in the same period, and that both have lost their mothers in their early age, similarity between these two characters is that they are self-educated, were intelligent, and spent their young adulthood on farm. Abraham Lincoln and Frederick Douglass have been people who have†¦show more content†¦On the other hand, Lincoln thought that while there has been no slavery desirable, he felt should not think that extends to several other new districts, and this should avoid legally. And this should be avoided in a legal manner, with tenacity he had found the solution for this, however, was the right to property enshrined in the U.S. Constitution Even so, the war powers of the President Lincoln, he made a call to get an emanc ipation during the civil war, in order to enable it to seize the properties of hard workers in order to free them from the legal means Their background, of Abraham Lincoln and Frederick Douglass that two people have been of great value education and have appreciated their situation is in this way, their life was almost the same in childhood that both were birthed and have increased poverty, life has yet learned how to abide upward, to be self supporting and reach higher and be distinct in their professions In conclusion, even though Lincoln and Frederick Douglass have had difficult experiences and two new restrictions as they have found the will and desire to achieve in a position to sustain power and influence to the others. Abraham Lincoln and Frederick were Douglass different races, however have worked and fought for the same purpose. Although Lincoln and Douglas have opposed slavery forShow MoreRelatedSlave And Citizen : The Life Of Frederick Douglass Essay923 Words   |  4 PagesThe Life of Frederick Douglass’ In this book Fredrick Douglass finds shows himself growing up as a slave in Baltimore, Maryland. He eventually escapes from his master and becomes a run away slave as he flees to the north. Douglass however is most popularly known for his pressure on the supreme court to obtain equal rights for African American citizens. He made huge advances in civil rights for his fellow African American brothers and sisters. His contributions have caused a balancingRead MoreThe Battle Of Fort Wagner1421 Words   |  6 PagesMAIN POINT: Active role Massachusetts 54th Volunteer regiment (the first all African-American unit in the Civil War) Note: The Battle of Fort Wagner - exemplifies the greatest contributions of Black soldiers during the Civil War o Displayed extreme heroism in assault on Fort Wagner on Morris Island, South Carolina, in July 1863 †¢ â€Å". . . In the face of heavy odds, black troops had proved once again their courage, determination, and willingness to die for the freedom of their race† McPherson, â€Å"TheRead MoreLincoln: the Great Emancipator2289 Words   |  10 PagesUntil it was abolished in 1865, slavery thrived in the United States since the nation’s beginnings in the colony of Jamestown in 1607. In 1776, the founding fathers stated that â€Å"all men are created equal† when they declared independence and started a war that freed the 13 colonies from the oppressive rule of Great Britain. However, after â€Å"the land of the free† had been established, slavery had yet to be eliminated. After the war of 1812, sectionalism began to grow prevalent in America. The IndustrialRead MoreAbraham Lincoln, Slavery and the American Civil War Essay1716 Words   |  7 Pagesanalyze how Abraham Lincolns view on slavery reflected during and after the American Civil War from 1861 to 1865. To analyze exactly how Lincolns position on slavery affected the war overall, this investigation looks at Lincolns moral and religious views as well as his social and political views. Two main sources were used, both dealing with events relevant to his political career and his roots in his career and other important issues including slavery. Lincoln by David Herbert Donald tells a deepRead MoreThe United States Of America1019 Words   |  5 Pageselection of President Abraham Lincoln in November 1860, who was morally opposed to slavery, thus empowering his leadership against division in America. Subsequently, Lincoln’s election divided the country between free states and slave states who in 1861, formed the Confederate States of America in Montgomery, Alabama, by the convention, resulting in Lincoln’s necessity to call for 75,000 volunteers to fight against the Confederate states. As a result, President Lincoln issues the preliminary EmancipationRead MoreThe Abolitionist Movement. The Abolitionist Movement Started1804 Words   |  8 PagesThe Abolitionist Movement The Abolitionist movement started around the 1830s and lasted until 1865. This movement was a huge step toward our country’s future, attempting to end slavery and racial discrimination. People like William Lloyd Garrison, Frederick Douglass and Harriet Beecher Stowe persuaded others in their cause and elected those with the same views as them in political positions. William Lloyd Garrison started an abolitionist newspaper called the Liberator, Frederick Douglas also wroteRead MoreFrederick Douglass And The Abolitionist Movement1337 Words   |  6 PagesDouglass’s Contributions to the Abolitionist Movement Throughout the nineteenth century there was a movement that swept the upper south. This movement was the abolitionist movement which made an effort to emancipate all slaves and stop racial segregation along with discrimination. This movement led to many renowned historical figures contributing through speeches and writings with the goal of seeking an end to slavery. One of these individuals was Frederick Douglass who escaped slavery with the determinationRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave1596 Words   |  7 PagesFrederick Douglass, an American Slave†, Fredric Douglass shares his momentous journey from slavery to freedom and the paths he took to get to freedom. From the beginning of the book, Douglass is a slave literally, both body and mind. Once the book comes to an end, he gets his authorized freedom and freedom of his mind. Each chapter of the book is like a series of realizations,† moments of insight, that he has along the way. The narrative takes place in the 1800s, from the beginning of Douglass’ birthRead MoreThe Cotton Gin1708 Words   |  7 Pagesinstitution of slavery in the southern states of the United States of America was primarily based on economics rather than some type of natural admiration of the practice itself. When the Mason-Dixon line was created in the 1760s, Eli Whitney’s revolutionary cotton gin, which would eventually set slavery in the South, had not been created yet. However, there were still lines being drawn between the more industrial-based economy of the North and the more agricultural economy of the South. Slavery shaped theRead MoreThe Civil War : America s Most Brutal Battles1902 Words   |  8 PagesWar, one of the main reasons is the different attitudes the North and the South had toward slavery. In January of 1863, The Emancipation Proclamation was signed and taken into action. This caused many freed slaves to join the Union. In the Civil War era, the states ’ rights struggle focused heavily on the institution of slavery and whether the federal government had the right to regulate or even abolish slavery within an individual state. The varied opinions of this debate were again, largely drawn

Jim Crow Essay - 705 Words

Fall 2010 Term Paper The Strange Career of Jim Crow by Van Woodward is based on the time period surrounding the Civil Rights Movement. This book is an accurate account of events that occurred during this time. It shows how the 1896 US Supreme Court Ruling affected blacks and the obstacles they faced to overcome. This book shows how the rights of African Americans have evolved over time. Van Woodward did an excellent job illustrating the events of history with The Strange Career of Jim Crow and created a factual account of history that is still used in classrooms today. The historical context in which this book was written surrounds the events that took place during the Civil Rights Movement. There were several influential legal†¦show more content†¦referred to this book by Van Woodward as â€Å"the historical bible of the civil rights movement† because it spoke about the difficulties of race relations and brought attention to what blacks went through to get to where they a re today. Martin Luther King Jr. was a respected figure and had a dream for equality among blacks and whites. King liked the message that this book provided. Van Woodward writes â€Å"striking incongruities appeared between the needs and moods of the black ghetto and the goals and strategies of the civil rights crusade, as typified by the leadership of Martin Luther King Jr., and voiced in his lyrical dream† (Van Woodward, 193). In 1896, the court case of Plessy vs. Ferguson ruled that the states had the right to legally segregate public facilities. This court ruling fueled the fire of Southerners in regards to race relations, leading to the Jim Crow laws. These laws went as far as to say blacks could not cut a white person’s hair, drink from the same water fountain as a white person, and established a test for blacks to take prior to getting a ballot. The Strange Career of Jim Crow is a book that opens reader’s eyes to obstacles that black people faced dur ing this period of time. Van Woodward does an excellent job in this book illustrating history. He provides factual and vivid examples of the racism that blacks faced in their fight for equality. It is obvious that this is a well written book in that it is still being publishedShow MoreRelatedJim Crow, By John Crow Essay811 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Jim Crow† was a character portrayed in Minstrelsy shows to be goofy, drunk, lazy, and uneducated. This character set a very harsh stereo type for African Americans. Jim Crow became a common racial slur. According to Dr. David Pilgrim of Ferris State University by 1838, the term Jim Crow was being used as a slur for African Americans which was not as offensive as nigger, but more similar to coon or darkie (Pilgrim, David, Dr. Who Was Jim Crow.). According to PBS Jim Crow was â€Å"named afterRead MoreIs The Jim Crow Laws?962 Words   |  4 PagesThe topic that I chose for my research paper is the Jim Crow laws. I chose th is topic because during this time period the Jim Crow laws were a huge obstacle that our country had to overcome in order to grow. The Jim Crow laws were created to separate whites and blacks in their everyday lives, allowing for no interaction between races. The Jim Crow Laws were enforced in the southern, United States. The laws existed between 1877 and the 1950’s, around the time the reconstruction period was ending andRead MoreJim Crow Laws766 Words   |  3 PagesThe problem with people is that many don’t like to see other ethical culture succeed. What people don’t know is that if that ethical group does not succeed then they together can not succeed as a racial community. The end of slavery but the rise of Jim Crow laws brought the acts of inequality, separation, and the mistreatment of the colored. During the end of formal reconstruction in the south in 1877, a new beginning of racial segregation began in the United States of America. â€Å"White people don’tRead MoreJim Crow Laws590 Words   |  2 Pagesâ€Å"The Jim Crow era was one of struggle -- not only for the victims of violence, discrimination, and poverty, but by those who worked to challenge (or promote) segregation in the South† (â€Å"Jim Crow Stories†). It is important to know the history of this significant period where everyone was treated differently based on how they looked instead of their character. During the Jim Crow era, the lives of African Americans were severely restricted making it difficult for them to succeed in everyday life. Read MoreThe New Jim Crow?919 Words   |  4 PagesMichelle Alexander, the author of The New Jim Crow, did not see the prison systems as racially motivated until doing further research. After researching the issue, Alexander found the prison system was a way to oppress African Americans and wrote the novel The New Jim Crow. The New Jim Crow follows the history of the racial caste system and in the novel Alexander comes to the conclusion that the mass incarceration of African American is the New Jim Crow, or in other words a new system of black oppressionRead MoreThe Strange Career Of Jim Crow Essay1198 Words   |  5 PagesJim Crow laws were also known as â€Å"Black Codes† in many parts of the United States. C. Vann Woodward’s book The Strange Career of Jim Crow: A Commemorative Edition explains the history of racial segregation in America from the end of the Civil War until the mid-1960s. The system of slavery that existed before the Civil War â€Å"†¦made separation of the races for the most part impracticable.† Racial segregation was not encoded in law until after the Civil War. Woodward’s book is an effective history ofRead MoreThe Denomination For The Jim Crow Laws1230 Words   |  5 Pages The denomination for the Jim Crow Laws first originated in the mid 1800s from a character in a Minstrel Show. The Minstrel Show was one of the first forms of American regalement ever engendered and took place in 1843. The exhibition was performed by successors of African American musical composition and dance routine actors. The first Minstrel Show was in Virginia and commenced by a group of four men from Virginia who all painted their faces ebony and performed a minute musical composition and danceRead MoreThe Jim Crow, By Harper Lee1053 Words   |  5 Pagesoccurred during the Jim Crow era in the decades subsequent to the civil war. Following the release of all African American slaves, it was a priority of the intolerable Southern states to reassure their white superiority. This was done by implementing the Jim Crow caste system which limited the rights and abilities of African Americans. The Pulitzer Prize-winning novel reflecting the life of author Harper Lee To Kill A Mockingb ird shows accurate demonstrations of the Jim Crow south; this novel takesRead MoreThe Strange Career Of Jim Crow862 Words   |  4 PagesJim crow laws In the 18th century the civil war had brought in end to slavery ,when the union beat the confederacy.Many people believe that slavery ended right there, and that anything else that happened to African Americans after that was due to racism of the people of that time.When in reality that change had caused ripples, that would shape history and the way people think all the way till today.Using historical ideas ,journals ,and such C.Vann Woodward in The Strange Career Of JIM CROW Read MoreThe Segregation Of The Jim Crow Laws1521 Words   |  7 Pages The loud chatter of the audience at the old Park Theater in New York was for a one man show performed by Thomas Rice. To the all white audience, Jim Crow was vigorously funny. Clothed in a stable boy costume and a straw hat, his white face darkened by coal in a behaviour recognized as â€Å"blackface.† He danced and sang and even spoke in mockery of the black slang. He portrayed blacks as ignorant, greedy and foolish. Even though h is act was for entertainment purposes, Thomas Rice implied through his

Learning Free Essays

Many psychologists have had debates with the concept of learning. Nature versus nurture is two concepts that many psychologists have argued over. Learning is a cause of someone’s change in behavior through experience, practice, and skills. We will write a custom essay sample on Learning or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this paper, the subjects to describe is, the concept of learning, distinguishing between learning and performance, and finally compare and contrasting the conceptual approaches to the study of learning. Concept of Learning Learning has many definitions. Learning is the process of knowledge through education, observation, teaching, and past and present experiences for individuals (humans or animals). According to Terry (2009), â€Å"learning is the acquisition of knowledge and may be defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior, or behavioral repertoire that occurs as a result of experience† (p. 5). According to Maricopa Center for Learning and Instruction (1999), â€Å"Learning is complex, transformational, natural, and life-long, multi-level, fundamentally personal, yet also social, active and interactive, measurable, and greatly influenced by organizational factors, including structures† (p. 3). As mentioned before, nature versus nurture has been a big debate. The nature theory is that humans’ behavior is biologically encoded in human DNA. Psychologists believe that humans are preprogrammed from birth. The nurture theory believes that human behavior learned thru life experiences. Humans learn behavior from what they do, read, and observe. I believe that both influence humans’ behavior. Humans learn behavior from life experiences, and through educating themselves. Learning is an ongoing process that humans endure. Learning is based on different knowledge that humans have acquired over the years. Learning happens when a person develops new abilities, values, preferences, and skills. There are two important aspects of behavioral learning theory that been used. They are classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Classical conditioning is a learning process that occurs between environmental stimuli and is a natural stimulus. Operant conditioning is an association between a behavior and a consequence. Distinguishing Between Learning and Performance Learning usually increases with days of practice. With practice, he or she needs a reinforcement (positive or negative) to remember the training or practice. Sometimes if a reward is too much, or not enough, it can affect the learning. When someone is learning something new, the reinforcement should be during or right after the practice or training. A delay in reward can affect the learning process. At the beginning of a new training, reinforcement has been learning during and then gradually making the reinforcements further apart. Some influences affect performance but not learning. Motivation affects the way people perform. For example, watching a softball game, the girls are more motivated when they are winning. If someone takes the same test after test after test, he or she can become bored. Being bored can decrease a person’s performance. Compare and Contrast the Conceptual Approaches to the Study of Learning There are four different conceptual approaches to the study of learning. They are functional approach, behavioral approach, cognitive approach, and neuroscience approach. According to Terry (2009), â€Å"The functional approach studies how learning and remembering aid survival† (p. 19). According to Terry, â€Å"The behavioral approach emphasizes the relationship among, first, observable behaviors, second, the antecedent stimuli that precede behavior, and third, the consequences that follow behavior† (p. 20). According to Terry, â€Å"The cognitive approach derives from computer-influenced, information-processing approaches to the mind† (p. 20). According to Terry, â€Å"The neuroscience approach has existed in parallel with both the earlier behavioral and the newer cognitive perspectives† (p. 21). Each approach is very important for psychologist to learn and understand. Each approach has its own unique way at looking at behavior. When comparing functional approach to behavioral approach there are somewhat differences. Functional approach is that an animal or human adapts to their environment. In functional approach psychologist can study learning across different species around the world. In behavioral approach psychologist, observe humans or animals in a situation that has stimuli to change behavior. When comparing cognitive approach to neuroscience approach there are some items that are similar. Cognitive approach is looking at how humans processes information, knowledge, encode, store, and retrieve what humans have learned. In neuroscience approach psychologist, study the brain to see how humans retrieve information in the brain. Each approach looks at behavior and leaning differently but is measuring the same thing. Conclusion Humans or animals never stop learning. Psychologists observe human behavior, so that psychologist can understand how humans and animals interact with one another. Learning will always be looked at differently from different psychologist. There will never be a true answer to how or why humans learn. How to cite Learning, Essay examples Learning Free Essays Dear Mrs.. Bailey, I’m looking forward to acquiring new skills and strategies to apply, not only in my pursuit of higher education, but in every aspect of my life. We will write a custom essay sample on Learning or any similar topic only for you Order Now I’ve always been an avid learner, ready to soak up information and knowledge every chance I get. Learning new things has been a major interest of mine for as long as I can remember, which is saying allot, because I actually have a few memories from when was a toddler. Throughout my early years in school, I was a straight A student who picked up on everything right away. My love of acquiring and sharing knowledge continues to grow as time passes. Though am quite aware that I am mentally capable of accomplishing any feat of intellectual nature performed by any man before me, I am honest enough to admit that face some formidable adversaries within myself. Being diagnosed with depression adds several obstacles within itself. For starters, waking up isn’t always as easy as it may be for some others. At times, it can take a self- talking, convincing yourself that you have to get up, and in severe cases not even that works. The challenges associated with Major Depression are too numerous to name in this passage. No matter which symptoms arise, I know I must overcome them because depression is a diagnosis I live with, not who I am. Though I am quite adept at learning and applying new knowledge, I know that there is always room for improvement, as no-one knows everything and no-one is perfect. Being a quick study affords me the advantage need to stay relevant in the ever-changing world of business and technology. And, even though I am quite knowledgeable in many areas, I know that the benefits of following the curriculum set forth will further prepare me for the life I want my family and myself by refining and enhancing the knowledge I already possess and adding I wealth of knowledge I have yet to attain. I would like to take this time to thank you in advance for all of your assistance during this journey I am embarking on and hope you have a great day. How to cite Learning, Papers Learning Free Essays What are some of the examples of ways in which observational learning has benefited you in your life? Are there instances in which observational learning has worked to your disadvantage? Observational learning being, learning by observing the behaviors and actions of others. In my life I have learn a lot of things that have made me who I am by watching family and friends. After watching my father’s great work ethic as a child, I learn that whatever Job you have you need to give It your all. We will write a custom essay sample on Learning or any similar topic only for you Order Now As a child with not much money, I watched my father be very tight with his money. By observing this I have noticed I can be very tight with money and not wanting to spend money frivolously. Everything I do and am Is from observing my father and Important adult figures In my life. There are some things I observed growing up that has not worked to my advantage. I observed many family members drink to excess, so as a teenager and young adult I thought It was no big deal to do so. Early In my young adult life, being a part of the military I got myself some trouble. The trouble was because: I was underage and did something stupid. Peg 195 5. As an eyewitness to a crime, how could you use information in this chapter to improve your memory for specific details? If you were a juror, what would you say to the other jurors about the reliability of eyewitness testimony? As an eyewitness to a crime you try to remember the events in chunks, instead of the event as a whole. You can all us your sense to recall particular events you witnessed or you can also repeat the events over several different times in your head. The repetition of the events has to occur right after the event in order to avoid outside influences to that memory. As a juror I would let other Jurors know that the reliability of eyewitness testimony is unreliable, due to the fact that the eyewitness has already been poisoned by the covered of the events in the media. Most eyewitnesses see events very differently, and any catch part of what is going on with the event. They seem to fill in unknown part of the events on what others say and what they think should have gone on. They re not lying; they truly believe the event went down as they say it went down without any doubts. G 223 1. During Problem solving, do you use primarily algorithms or heuristics? What are the advantages of each? During problem solving I tend to use the heuristics process. Some advantages of algorithms are; a definite answer, step by step logical Instructions, and give you a definite place to start. Some advantages of heuristics are; get to a solution fast, and It’s simple. 6. If Gardener and Sternberg theories of multiple Intelligences are correct, what are he Impl ications for Intelligence testing and for education? With the theories of multiple Intelligences would suggest that the Intelligence testing Is not a true over measure of person Intelligences. These test do not accurately let the student and their parents know what their true knowledge. This affects the way our education systems directs their teaching to our young students. It’s saying that our education systems are not developing ten overall Intelligence AT our young men Ana women. This means we are not getting the full potential of tour students. How to cite Learning, Papers

A brief history of comics Essay Example For Students

A brief history of comics Essay Comics: In the Beginning The modern comic, as we know it, began in Joseph Pulitzers New York World on February 17,1895. The comic, drawn by Richard F. Outcault, was based on the life of Mickey Dugan, an Irish immigrant child in the city. Although the strip had no name, people have dubbed it the Yellow Kid because the nightshirt worn by Mickey Dugan was the projection for an experiment in yellow ink by the newspaper. Eventually the comic came to be known as Hogans Alley. Soon comics were recognized for the selling potential and were published in newspapers all over the world. After the success of the World, a competitor, William Randolph Herst of the New York Journal, hired Outcault to draw Hogans Alley for Hearsts Journal. The World continued publication of the strip using a new artist, and both papers were featuring the Yellow kid. This led to people referring to the two papers as the yellow papers. And as the battle between the press lords became more intense, people began calling it yellow journalism which now has come to mean overly sensational journalism. Although Outcault won the battle over the rights of Yellow kid, the mass marketing began. The cartoon was everywhere. Products were being produced, even cigars, bearing the yellow kid. Soon the comic revolution began, and strips were published all over. Of these comics, Katzenjammer Kids drawn by Rudolph Dirks in 1897, was one of the most popular and first to regularly use voice balloons for dialogue. Outcault also continued drawing, and began a strip called Buster Brown which was to be a tie between the comic strip and the comic book. The mass marketing continued, and Buster Brown had his own line of shoes (McHam). Until 1907, comic strips ran only on Sundays. In 1907, the first daily strip appeared. Mutt and Jeff by Bud Fisher, began being published daily in the San Franciso Chronicle. Following that was Bringing up Father, in 1912, and soon many others including: Barney Google; Thimble Theater forerunner to Popeye; Moon Mullins Orphan Annie and Andy Gump which was the first comic to tell a continuing story. Hearst pushed comics in all of his newspapers and began King Features, a syndication service, to deliver comics to his and other papers. King Features continues syndicating today along with companys such as Universal Press Syndicate in Kansas City, Kansas. Today, a popular comic can run in more than 1,200 newspapers daily. By the Time Buck Rogers started in the 1920s, the comic strip was fully developed. At this time, some of the most popular comics to be were drawn, and continue to this day. Blondie started in the 20s is now one of the longest running comic strips. Other comics of that time include: Dick Tracy; Joe Palooka and LilAbner which was retired in 1977. These comics led into others continuing today, such as Peanuts in 1950, and Gary Trudeaus Doonesbury of 1970. The Comic Book Soon after the turn of the century, comic strips were collected into book form. Comic books were then used for promotion, such as Buster Brown Shoes, and breakfast cereals. Comic magazines soon followed, the first to be the Famous Funnies in 1934, and by the late 30s comic books were being produced independently of newspaper strips. Action Comics began in 1938, in which Superman was the main attraction, and was in his first appearance. Detective Comics (DC Comics) started a chain reaction in 1938 by devoting each issue to a certain comic or subject, which continues into the modern day comic books. Comic books spread like wildfire, and estimation show that they outsold all magazines combined during World War II. A nation survey conducted by Fawcett Publications in 1943 showed outstanding results. The survey showed 95 percent of all males and 91 percent of all females between 6 and 11 read comic books regularly. They were read by 87 percent of all males and 80 percent of all females from ages 12-17, and by 41 percent of all males and 28 percent of all females ages 18-30 (McHam). Soon comic books attracted national advertising. In the top years of comic book marketing, in the 1950s, the industries income was estimated at $150 million, and combined circulation achieved 90 million. The criticism of these comic also reached a height at about the same time. Much as the television censorship of today, comics then were considered a bad influence on children. Parents and educators were concerned about the content. This issue was taken so far, that the Canadian Parliament outlawed crime in comics in 1949! Individual cities also passed ordinances against the crime and violence in these book. They also tried to curb the sales of these books to minors. Although the technological advances in press had allowed these comics to become popular, technology also put an end to an era. Television of the 50s and 60s attracted the attention of youth all over, and the comic book circulation began to decline. Although circulation has risen again, comic books would never gain the publicity they once controlled. Editorial Cartoons Thomas Nast became the first editoral cartoonist. In 25 years of working for Harpers Weekly more than 3,000 drawing of Nasts were published. Many symbols still used today came from Nast, including the Democratic donkey, the Republican elephant and many renditions of Uncle Sam and Santa Clause. During the Civil War, Nast worked as a recruiting sargent, and plubished several famous pictures for the Union. Presidemt Aberaham Lincoln called Nast Our best recuiting sargent. (McHam) Nast became publicly famous for his attacks on the Tammany Hall ring after the Civil War. Nast also exposed the Tweed ring, whose boss William Marcy Tweed was sopposed to have said to the Harper brothers I dont care a straw for your newspaper. My constitutants cant read, but they cant help seeing those damned pictures. Tweed tried to bribe Nast to stop the attacks, but Nasts drawings brought the Harpers circulation to an altime high. Nast was a reformer, and now almost all cartoons follow in that style. Some of the more popular editorial cartoonists today are: Bill Mauldin of the Chicago Sun Times; Herb Block of the Washington Post; and Pat Oliphant of the Los Angeles Times. Most editoral cartoons now are syndicated, and larger papers have their own artists. From the start of comics before the turn of the century to the height in the 1950s comics have undergone many changes. The comic page is still an important part of everyday life, and modern comics show this. We all have our favorite comic strips, and we cant resist ripping the comics out of the paper to read them first. Uses of the Comic Although the comic began as a way for newspapers to increase circulation, it has developed and spread to cover many more purposes. Some of these purposes even came about before the invention of the modern comic, and continue today. An example of the is the Editorial cartoon. The first editorial cartoonist was Thomas Nast. Nast was born in Germany in 1840, and soon after moved to the United States. Twelve Angry Men Persuasive EssayBill Amend (Fox Trot) Bill Amend was born in 1962 in Northampton Mass. He began drawing cartoons while he was still in grade school. At 12, his family moved To Sanfrancisco, and Amend spent jr. and high school there. While in high school, he submitted many of his cartoons to various school publications, many times getting them published. But most of his cartoons, the school would not allow to be published. One of these featured, as the punchline, a puppy being thrown into a pit of hungry lions. The school counselor took a special interest in him after that. Amend attended Amhurst College where he majored in physics. After graduating college, he decided to pursue cartooning. He held a few small jobs in animation, and even a job with Industrial Light and Magic, until he erased a lead animators work. After many rejections, Amend submitted Fox Trot to Universal Press Syndicate, were it debuted on April 10, 1988. These are only a few of the cartoonists that have added to the great art and new names pop up every day. Cartoonists may not be Picasos, but Picaso couldnt make us laugh (not as much as comics). The Modern Comic Today, most people think of the comic only as Garfield or Foxtrot in the morning comic section of the paper, but the world of modern comics encompasses more than it did fifty years ago. Although the comic strip may still be the backbone of the comic/cartoon industry, it is quickly turning into a minor detail. Newer versions of the comic strip appear all over in television, advertisements/merchandise, written publications, and the internet. The television is one of the biggest sources for todays comics and cartoons. TV provides us with animated cartoons for all ages. Although television projects towards many diverse audiences, the basic motive of entertainment is still behind most all comic broadcasts. Television is also taking a big bite out of the newspapers circulation. People, now more than ever before, dont receive a daily newspaper, and sometimes not even a weekly paper because channels like CNN and the local news offer all they need. The comic page is also then not recieved, so people go back to the television for some no-brainer comics. Whole channels on cable are dedicated to cartoons, and others like Comedy Central, are dedicating more than half of their air time for cartoons. Animated films are also very popular. Disney produced the first full length animated film in the late 30s, taking more than two years to create Snow White. Today, the time required to design an animated movie has been greatly reduced due to technological advances like computers. A drawing is scanned onto a computer then the picture can be manipulated instead of drawing each frame by hand. The old way of producing a cartoon was very difficult and timeconsuming, considering that thirty hand-drawn frames would be one second of the movie. The quantity of cartoons dissipates as the audience age increases, the youngest viewers watching the most. Before school and on Saturday mornings children rise to flip on the tube and watch shows like The Mighty Ducks, Sailor Moon, and The Mask The few animated shows for the older audiences are mostly directed toward teenagers and young adults. Matt Groening created The Simpsons, which started out as a sketch on the Tracey Ullman Show. It was given a slot on the Fox network, and was extremely successful. The show is now proceeding into its 8th year and is still gaining popularity. Bevis and Butthead is also a cartoon aimed at teenagers. The show, created by Mike Judge, is about two high schoolers, music, and their experiences. These cartoons are also heavily merchandised. Very seldom is there a record store that does not sell Bevis and Butthead T-shirts or posters. One of the events that has helped the Simpsons was the banning of their shirts in school. These were considered to be ba d influences on children. Fast food franchises also use televised cartoons to sell products, most directed toward young children. McDonalds makes small plastic figurines of the latest popular cartoon, and includes them as incentives in things like Happy Meals. Other stores offer items like watches or clothing with a cartoon on them for buying a specific item. Cartoonists also design comics specifically for certain advertisements, books, and things like music album covers. R Crumb, one of the leading underground cartoonists of the 60s, designed album covers for Janis Joplin, Big Brother, and the Holding Company. Crumb drew popular underground cartoons such as the Keep on Truckin guys and Fritz the Cat. The latter was made into a animated film with the same name. Crumb hated the film so much that he drew a final Fritz comic book and killed off the cat with an ice pick. Popular comic strips today continue the original traditions and even started a new category. Jules Feiffer made a combination of the comic strip and the political cartoon which was first published in the Village Voice in New York City in the 1950s. This style has somewhat continued into other comics such as Gary Trudeaus Doonsbury, Gary Larsons Far Side (which was retired in 1994), Cathy Guisewites Cathy, and Matt Groenings Life in Hell. Another popular comic using this style was Bloom County wich was retired in 1989, but the author, Berke Brethed, has brought the characters back in his new strip Outland. Comic books have also progressed into the 90s state of mind and have become very violent but have also moved mostly beyond the more realistic ideas into more science-fiction directed topics. Popular story lines in todays comic books include space samurai, alien attacks on earth, and disposable assin droids. The comic books popularity is dimishing though, due to their high prices, television, and kids lack of motivation to read. The internet is also a large source for comics. Not only can the published comic strips be posted, but amature artists can post their artwork on webpages, wich is usually soon spread across the web as others use this art in the production of their own page. The modern comic has become very diverse and will become much more so in the near future. Comic strips and books are not the only form, but are in compition with television and the internet. The comic has changed much since its creation, and will comtinue to do so probably untill till the end of man.